Which nursing intervention should be included in the client's plan of care?

• A. Limit discussions to the medical team only.
• B. Provide information only to the family about prognosis.
• C. Encourage the patient to ask questions and discuss fears about diagnosis.
• D. Withhold information about prognosis to prevent distress.

Answer: (C)

Promoting patient engagement and autonomy through open, compassionate communication. Encouraging the patient to ask questions and discuss fears about the diagnosis supports informed decision-making, helps the patient understand what lies ahead, reduces anxiety, and builds trust. When patients are invited to participate in their care, they can voice needs, preferences, and concerns, which is essential for planning and coping with a chronic condition like CKD. Limiting discussions to the medical team, only sharing prognosis with the family, or withholding information deprives the patient of essential knowledge and undermines their ability to participate in care decisions.